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br Acknowledgments br Introduction When human red blood cell
2022-03-04
Acknowledgments Introduction When human red blood cell (hRBC) membranes are depolarized, either as intact arginase inhibitor suspended in depolarizing (low Cl−) Ringers or under voltage clamp conditions using excised inside-out patches, they respond by opening a nonselective voltage-dependent
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A frequent complication of SIRS and sepsis is
2022-03-04
A frequent complication of SIRS and sepsis is the development of increased airway resistance and lung inflammation [2], [3]. For example, Uhlig et al. [3] demonstrated that rat lungs exposed to endotoxin present increased airway resistance due to constriction of terminal GSK 2837808A [3] Moreover, i
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Both anxiety like behavior and sucrose
2022-03-04
Both anxiety-like behavior and sucrose preference/intake were reduced in GPR40/FFAR1 KO male mice, while social behavior was normal in KO mice. These findings indicate that brain GPR40/FFAR1 is involved in the modulation of anxiety- and depression-like behavior in rodents. Previous studies have demo
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C prevents the glutamate and erastin induced ROS accumulatio
2022-03-04
C16 prevents the glutamate- and erastin-induced ROS accumulation but does not affect the decrease in GSH, indicating that prevention of ROS accumulation by C16 is not due to the restoration of GSH levels. Instead, C16 itself possessed superoxide anion scavenging activity in vitro at similar concent
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In regards to animals several studies have reported
2022-03-04
In regards to animals, several studies have reported the peroxisomal localization of FPS (Krisans et al., 1994, Olivier et al., 2000, Kovacs et al., 2007). Transfections of mammalian cells with the rat short FPS isoform followed by immunodetection localized the enzyme to the peroxisome (Olivier et a
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br Parkinson disease Idiopathic PD
2022-03-03
Parkinson disease Idiopathic PD is a hypodopaminergic movement disorder of uncertain etiology that affects 3% of persons over age 65 (Dexter and Jenner, 2013). Cardinal signs of this common neurodegenerative condition include bradykinesia, rigidity, rest tremor and postural instability. Autonomic
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Licofelone br GC C and cGMP of mice
2022-03-03
GC-C and cGMP: of mice and men As is usually the case for many genes, most of the studies that relate to GC-C have to date been carried out in mouse models, or in cell lines derived from human colorectal cancer tissue. What appeared to be a lacuna was any report of a human disorder that resulted
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In conclusion three heat stable cyclic
2022-03-03
In conclusion, three heat-stable cyclic peptides, guanylin, uroguanylin and renoguanylin are expressed in the intestine and kidney of the European eel, Anguilla anguilla. Their physiological functions are likely to be mediated, at least in part, by two isoforms of the guanylate cyclase type C recept
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br Pathophysiology of glaucoma Glaucoma is a group of optic
2022-03-03
Pathophysiology of glaucoma Glaucoma is a group of optic neuropathies defined by progressive degeneration of RGCs and their 71 4 receptor in the optic nerve, which leads to irreversible loss of vision [3,8,9]. RGC degeneration is often significantly advanced before changes in visual acuity and e
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The fact that GSK recognition of its
2022-03-03
The fact that GSK-3 recognition of its substrate involves pre-phosphorylation supports the rational for using synthetic phosphorylated peptides as substrate competitive inhibitors [57]. Phosphorylated peptides derived from the N-terminal pseudosubstrate sequence of GSK-3β were very weak inhibitors o
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Another important question is what ligand s bind
2022-03-03
Another important question is what ligand(s) bind to GPR84 in vivo? Previous studies have identified medium-chain FFAs of 9 to 14 carbons in length and two other organic molecules (6-n-octylaminouracil and 3,3′-diindolylmethane) as agonists of GPR84 in vitro (Wang et al., 2006, Suzuki et al., 2013).
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br Conclusions br Introduction G protein coupled receptors G
2022-03-03
Conclusions Introduction G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) share common structural motifs, including seven transmembrane helices, and the ability to activate heterotrimeric G proteins such as Gs, Gi, Gq and G12/13. A variety of GPR cellular functions are mediated by second messengers such as
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Our data for glucose and insulin tolerance tests indicate th
2022-03-03
Our data for glucose and insulin tolerance tests indicate that niacin-induced hyperglycemia is proportional to the degree of insulin resistance induced, implying that there is deterioration in islet function with niacin treatment (McCulloch et al., 1991). In this regard, we have demonstrated, for th
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To effectively evaluate prospective mechanisms by which chro
2022-03-03
To effectively evaluate prospective mechanisms by which chronic HIV infection induces pulmonary fibrotic changes in humans, we confirmed that predisposition to fibrotic change in older individuals could be mimicked in a mouse model. Hydroxyproline is a nonessential amino Pyridostatin required for t
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In breeding season small mammals
2022-03-03
In breeding season, small mammals increase dispersal and social communication to maximize their opportunity to mate. In the present study, we found that gerbils in April showed more locomotion and exploratory behavior in the open field test. Moreover, subadult gerbils in April and July were more lik
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