• br Author contribution br Acknowledgement br

  2023-09-27

  

  Author contribution Acknowledgement Introduction Since the initial finding of Gould et al. [1], showing the loss of dendritic spines in the hippocampus after ovariectomy and its rescue after treatment of the animals with estradiol, a tremendous number of studies have demonstrated a role of

• The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first caspase independ

  2023-09-27

  

  The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first caspase-independent death effector. AIF can induce caspase-independent chromatin condensation and large-scale DNA fragmentation to approximately 50 KB. AIF that is released to cytoplasm can mediate apoptosis when special extracellular signals trigger the o

• Optical coherence tomography angiography is another promisin

  2023-09-27

  

  Optical coherence tomography angiography is another promising method for the assessment of corneal neovascularization. This relatively new modality is not yet widely used in part because of current limitations in the definition of images produced, lack of functional information, and inability to det

• In this study we have generated new

  2023-09-27

  

  In this study, we have generated new FRET reporters to screen all submembrane domains of AT1R for interactions with CaM. We identified a new CaM-binding domain on the receptor’s SMD2 (a.a. 125 – 141), confirmed interactions at SMD4JM (a.a. 309 – 327) and characterized the full interacting domain in

• It has been known for

  2023-09-27

  

  It has been known for a while that oxygenation (the addition of oxygen) of Aβ can inhibit the formation of amyloids and diminish their cytotoxicity. Photo-oxygenation of Aβ started with fullerenes almost a decade ago by Toshima and co-workers. Later, porphyrins and polyoxometalates were used as well

• protease inhibitor cocktail AMPK is a central regulator of c

  2023-09-27

  

  AMPK is a central regulator of cell growth, migration, metabolism, autophagy, and cell polarity [20], [21], [22], [23]. It is highly conserved in eukaryotes and functions as the primary sensor of intracellular adenosine nucleotides [24]. When intracellular ATP levels decrease, AMPK is activated to g

• Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (100X in DMSO, EDTA plus) mg Fig

  2023-09-27

  

  Fig. 8 shows a possible scheme of the generation of AP(+)-exosomes based on this study. In response to inflammatory stimuli, ERAP1 is secreted from ER into the extracellular milieu through the conventional secretion pathway. On the other hand, exosomes are derived from the endosomal pathway, and are

• Some of the mechanisms that involve

  2023-09-27

  

  Some of the mechanisms that involve 12-LOX as a potential pathogenic enzyme are illustrated in Fig. 2. Direct β cell effects associated with the stimulation of 12-LOX activity include the activation of second messengers c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 MAPK, both of which show increased phosphorylati

• The metabolism of amino acids into volatile

  2023-09-27

  

  The metabolism of amino acids into volatile aldehydes involves both decarboxylation and deamination steps. The order of these reactions and the enzymes performing the catalysis differ among plants [13]. In tomato fruit the conversion of L-Phe to 2-phenylethanal is catalyzed by two enzymatic steps, i

• Both AD and dyslipidemias are global public

  2023-09-27

  

  Both AD and dyslipidemias are global public health problems, and an increase in their incidence over the next decades is expected. Among many triggering elements, the increase in life expectancy is one of the main risk factors associated with the increase in the incidence of AD. Meanwhile, dyslipide

• br Conclusion br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgements br

  2023-09-27

  

  Conclusion Conflict of interest Acknowledgements Introduction Human salivary aldehyde dehydrogenase (hsALDH) (E.C. 1.2.1.5) is the first line of defence against toxic aldehydes in the oral cavity. HsALDH is primarily a dimeric, class 3 ALDH (ALDH3A1) specific for aromatic and long/medium

• APPL was the first adaptor protein

  2023-09-27

  

  APPL1 was the first adaptor protein identified that interacts directly with adiponectin receptors [18]. A two-hybrid study by Dong and colleagues revealed that the C-terminal extracellular domain of AdipoR1 interacts with adiponectin, whereas the N-terminal cytoplasmic domain of AdipoR1 interacts wi

• VX-765 synthesis Numerous studies have shown that PUFA incor

  2023-09-27

  

  Numerous studies have shown that ω-3 PUFA incorporation into the lipid raft can affect the distribution and function of protein in the lipid raft by altering raft composition [25], [26], [27]. For example, DHA treatment excluded phospholipase D (PLD) from lipid raft toward non-lipid raft, resulting

• ACh induced changes in respiratory frequency could be of

  2023-09-26

  

  ACh-induced changes in respiratory frequency could be of interest. They may reveal an important mechanism of respiratory modulation at the caudal NTS level. ACh-induced increases in respiratory frequency within this region have been also reported by Furuya et al. (2014). Changes in respiratory timin

• Although experiments on animals and cells indicate that

  2023-09-26

  

  Although experiments on animals and cells indicate that antioxidant and free radical scavenging agents have protective effects against brain damage, the results of preclinical trials are not as encouraging. Edaravone is a type of free radical scavenging drug that was first used as a neuroprotective

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